With a projected shortfall of approximately 4,230 FTEs by 2037, according to the Health Resources and Services Administration, the pathology workforce faces a growing imbalance that could disrupt diagnostic precision and patient care.
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Pathology By the Numbers: Workforce Projections & Job Growth
There are over 16,200 pathologists in the United States, with high concentrations practicing in California, New York, and Texas.
Key Factors: Drivers Behind the Pathologist Shortage
An Aging Population: Diagnostic Needs Intensify
As the population ages, there is a higher prevalence of chronic diseases and cancer, which often require pathological diagnosis and monitoring.
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The rise in cancer and Alzheimer's cases will drive a greater demand for pathologists who are essential for diagnosing cancer and supporting research on neurodegenerative diseases.
Training Limitations: Supply & Demand Imbalance
The demand for pathologists continues to outpace supply, partly due to the limited number of residency positions. Despite a 99.5% match rate, the number of positions offered in 2025 decreased by 6 positions, according to the National Resident Match Program.
Without an increase in pathology residency positions, the pipeline of incoming pathologists will be insufficient to replace those retiring within the next decade.
Actionable Strategies: Overcoming the Pathologist Shortage
Leverage Artificial Intelligence (AI): Mitigating Workforce Pressures
AI is transforming laboratory diagnostics by enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and speed—helping to bridge the widening gap created by the shortage of pathologists.
AI is not a replacement for pathologists but serves as a collaborative tool that enhances their capabilities. As workforce pressures grow, AI can help mitigate the impact of increased workloads while maintaining high diagnostic standards.
Utilize Locum Tenens Pathologists: Bridging Gaps in Pathology Coverage
Utilizing locum tenens pathologists can be an essential strategy for maintaining uninterrupted pathology services and ensuring timely diagnosis.
Locum tenens pathologists provide a reliable way to maintain dependable diagnostic services while reinforcing long-term staffing stability.
Frequently Asked Questions about the Pathologist Shortage
How Many Pathologists are in the United States?
Within the U.S., there are 16,200 pathologists.
What is the Projected Shortage of Pathologists in the United States?
Projections from HRSA estimate that by 2037, the U.S. could see a shortage of approximately 4,230 pathology FTEs.
Why is There a Shortage of Pathologists?
The shortage of pathologists is driven by a combination of factors, including burnout, limited residency positions, an aging population, and other additional drivers.
